The World as Will and Idea.

" . . . Other cases of wrong are invariably attributable to my compelling another individual to serve my will instead of his own . . . On the path of violence I attain this end through physical causation, but on the path of cunning I achieve it by means of motivation, i.e., by means of causality that has passed through knowledge. For I present to the other man's will fictitious motives, on account of which he follows my will while believing that he is following his own . . . and this is the lie."¹

¹ Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860). The World as Will and Idea (1819). Abridged in one vol. Edited by David Berman. Translated by Jill Berman. J.M. Dent, 1995. London, England: J.M. Dent, Orion Publishing Group, at 214.