Prinicipia.

"TO EVERY ACTION THERE IS ALWAYS OPPOSED AN EQUAL REACTION: OR THE MUTUAL ACTIONS OF TWO BODIES UPON EACH OTHER ARE ALWAYS EQUAL, AND DIRECTED TO CONTRARY PARTS."^1a

"THAT THERE IS A POWER OF GRAVITY TENDING TO ALL BODIES, PROPORTIONAL TO THE SEVERAL QUANTITIES OF MATTER WHICH THEY CONTAIN."^1b

"IN TWO SPHERES MUTUALLY GRAVITATING, EACH TOWARDS THE OTHER, IF THE MATTER IN PLANES ON ALL SIDES ROUND ABOUT AND EQUI-DISTANT FROM THE CENTRES IS SIMILAR, THE WEIGHT OF EITHER SPHERE TOWARDS THE OTHER WILL BE RECIPROCALLY AS THE SQUARE OF THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THEIR CENTRES."^1c

"This most beautiful system of the sun, planets, and comets, could only proceed from the counsel and dominion of an intelligent and powerful Being. . .
The Being governs all things, not as the soul of the world, but as Lord over all; and on account of his dominion he is wont to be called Lord God παντοκρατωρ, or Universal Ruler, for God is a relative word, and has a respect to servants; and Deity is the dominion of God not over his own body . . . but over servants. The Supreme God is a Being eternal, infinite, absolutely perfect; but a being, however perfect, without dominion, cannot be said to be Lord God . . . "^1d* HEGEL

"We know him [God] only by his most wise and excellent contrivances of things, and final causes; we admire him for his perfections; but we reverence and adore him on account of his dominion: for we adore him as his servants; and a god without dominion, providence, and final causes, is nothing else but Fate and Nature."^1e

Opticks.

* Italics in the original.

¹ Isaac Newton (1643-1727). Principia. Edited, with Commentary, by Stephen Hawking. Stephen Hawking, 2002. Philadelphia, PA: Running Press Book Publishers. Text of Pincipia, New York: Daniel Adee, 1848.
^a The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, at 12.
^b Book III, at 321.
^c Ibid., at 322.
^d Ibid., at 426.
^e Ibid., at 428.

MK-BOOKS-NEWTON-20050320.