Aristotle to Zoos: A Philosophical Dictionary of Biology.

ANIMALS AND HUMAN OBLIGATIONS
"The record of human aggression as it affects other species is a dismal one that records the extinction of roughly three hundred species in the last three hundred years, among them . . . the Tasmanian wolf. The Tasmanian people, too, have been exterminated (the last native Tasman died in 1876)."^1a

BIOENGINEERING
"Nothing in biological principle stands in the way of our applying the most powerful known technique of genetic engineering, artificial selection, to treat people, in effect, like dogs; for this is how we have treated dogs."^1b

BIOGENESIS
" . . . [T]he Law of Biogenesis states that all living organisms are the progeny of living organisms that went before them. . . the progeny of mice are mice and of men, men – “homogenesis,” or like begetting like."^1c

CHROMOSOMES
"The reproduction of chromosomes is the primordial act of replication in biology: a chromosome is not synthesized de novo but is assembled as a copy of a preexisting chromosome; in other words, a chromosome forms only when there was one before."^1d SCHRODINGER

GENE
" . . . [G]enes are messages . . . "^1e SCHRODINGER

HYPOTHESIS AND THEORY
"A hypothesis is an imaginative preconception of what the truth might be. . .
A theory is a hypothesis together with . . . the deductive inferences we draw from it. It follows, then, that a theory cannot be logically proved to be true . . . "^1f

INSTINCT
"Biology has no greater triumph to look forward to than a solution of the problem of how a program of instinctual behavior is genetically stored and epigenetically retrieved."^1g

ORDER IN BIOLOGY
"Order permeates biology through and through.
. . . No generalization in physical science is more firmly established than that which declares that the direction of flow of events in the universe is always from less probable to more probable . . . "^1h PLANCK BOHM

   
Advice to a Young Scientist.

   
The Strange Case of the Spotted Mice: And Other Classic Essays on Science.

   
Memoir of a Thinking Radish: An Autobiography.

• Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; and Peter Brian Medawar, University College London, United Kingdom. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960 "for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance." http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1960/index.html

* Italics in the original.

¹ P.B. Medawar and J.S. Medawar. Aristotle to Zoos: A Philosophical Dictionary of Biology. P.B. Medawar and J.S. Medawar, 1983. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
^a ANIMALS AND HUMAN OBLIGATIONS, at 19.
^b BIOENGINEERING, at 37.
^c BIOGENESIS, at 39.
^d CHROMOSOMES, at 57.
^e GENE, at 114.
^f HYPOTHESIS AND THEORY, at 148-149.
^g INSTINCT, at 161.
^h ORDER IN BIOLOGY, at 204.

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